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Durante mucho tiempo, se ha considerado que la desmielinización era el único sustrato fundamental de la EM; sin embargo, en la actualidad se conoce que durante el curso de esta enfermedad se suceden fenómenos de desmielinización, degeneración axonal y daño cortical. Estudios recientes, usando técnicas de resonancia cuantitativas, como la resonancia magnética de tensor de difusión y la RM de transferencia de magnetización, han confirmado que el daño tisular no sólo se produce en las lesiones visibles en T2 sino también en la sustancia blanca de apariencia normal y en la sustancia gris de apariencia normal. El daño cerebral axonal y la degeneración waleriana de las neuronas se inicia en las fa
